Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang

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This article is about the party in the People's Republic of China. For the political party active in the Republic of China (Taiwan), see Kuomintang.
  • Revolutionary Committee
  • of the Chinese Kuomintang
中国国民党革命委员会
AbbreviationRCCK
ChairmanZheng Jianbang
Founded1 January 1948; 78 years ago (1948-01-01)
Split fromKuomintang (left-wing faction)
Three Principles of the People Comrades Association
Kuomintang Democratic Promotion Association
Headquarters
Newspaper
  • Tuanjie Bao (Unity Daily)
  • Tuanjie (Unity)
Membership (2022)158,000
IdeologyThree Principles of the People
Socialism with Chinese characteristics
National People's Congress (14th)
41 / 2,977
NPC Standing Committee
6 / 175
CPPCC National Committee (14th)
65 / 544
(Seats for political parties)
Website
www.minge.gov.cn Edit this at Wikidata
Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese中国国民党革命委员会
Traditional Chinese中國國民黨革命委員會
Literal meaning"Revolutionary Committee of the Nationalist Party of China"
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhōngguó Guómíndǎng Gémìngwěiyuánhuì
Bopomofoㄓㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄉㄤˇ ㄍㄜˊ ㄇㄧㄥˋ ㄨㄟˇ ㄩㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄟˋ
Wade–GilesChung1-kuo2 Kuo2-min2-tang3 Ko2-ming4-wei3-yüan2-hui4
Tongyong PinyinJhongguó Gúo-mín-dǎng Gé-mìng-wěi-yuán-huèi
IPA[ʈʂʊ́ŋ.kwǒ kwǒ.mǐn.tàŋ kɤ̌.mîŋ.wèɪ.ɥɛ̌n.xwêɪ]
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutpingzung1 gwok3 gwok3 man4 dong2 gaak3 ming6 wai2 jyun4 wui6
IPA[tsʊŋ˥ kʷɔk̚˧ kʷɔk̚˧ mɐn˩ tɔŋ˧˥ kak̚˧ mɪŋ˨ wɐj˧˥ jyn˩ wuj˨]
Abbreviation
Chinese民革
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinMín'gé
Wade–GilesMinko
Tibetan name
Tibetanཀྲུང་གོ་གོ་མིན་ཏང་གསར་བརྗེ་ཨུ་ཡོན་ལྷན་ཁང
Transcriptions
Wyliekrung go go min tang gsar brje u yon lhan khang
Zhuang name
ZhuangCunghgoz Gozminzdangj Gwzming Veijyenzvei
Mongolian name
Mongolian CyrillicДундад улсын гоминдангийн хувьсгалын зөвлөл
Mongolian scriptᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ
ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ
ᠭᠣᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ
ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ
ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ
Uyghur name
Uyghurجۇڭگو گومىنداڭ ئىنقىلابىي كومىتېتى‎
Transcriptions
Latin YëziqiJunggo gomindang inqilabiy komitéti
Yengi YeziⱪJunggo gomindang inqilabiy komitéti
Manchu name
Manchu scriptᠮᡳᠨᡬᡝ
RomanizationMing'e

The Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (RCCK; also commonly known, especially when referenced historically, as the Left Kuomintang or Left Guomindang), commonly abbreviated in Chinese as Minge (民革), is one of the eight minor political parties in the People's Republic of China, officially termed "democratic parties," under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party.[1]

It was founded in January 1948, during the height of the Chinese Civil War, by members of the left-wing of the Kuomintang (KMT), especially those who were against Chiang Kai-shek's policies. The first chairman of the party was General Li Jishen, a senior Nationalist military commander who had many disputes with Chiang over the years, while Soong Ching-ling (the widow of Sun Yat-sen) was named Honorary Chairwoman. Other early leading members were Wang Kunlun, Cheng Qian, He Xiangning and Tao Zhiyue. In 1949, it merged with the Three Principles of the People Comrades Association and the Kuomintang Democratic Promotion Association. The party claims to be the true heir of Sun Yat-sen's legacy and his Three Principles of the People. In December 2022, the party had around 158,000 members. Its membership mostly consists of people with historical ties to the KMT and Taiwan. It owns a significant amount of property originally held by the KMT before the Communist takeover.

Among the official political parties of the People's Republic of China, the Revolutionary Committee is officially ranked second after the CCP, being the first-ranking minor party.[2] The RCCK currently has 41 seats in the National People's Congress, six seats in the NPC Standing Committee and 65 seats in the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Its current chairman is Zheng Jianbang.

History

[edit]

After the end of World War II, the relationship between the Kuomintang and the CCP, who had allied to fight the Japanese, became increasingly tense; ultimately, both sides restarted the civil war, which World War II had interrupted. In 1945 and 1946, members of the Kuomintang's left formed the Three Principles of the People Comrades Association and the Kuomintang Democratic Promotion Association in Chongqing and Guangzhou, respectively.[3]

In November 1947, the first joint representative meeting of the Kuomintang left was held in Hong Kong; on 1 January 1948, the meeting announced the official establishment of the "Chinese Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee", and nominated Soong Ching-ling, the widow of Sun Yat-sen, as the Honorary Chairwoman of the Revolutionary Committee (despite Soong Ching-ling never formally joining the commission).[4][5][6] Chairman Li Jishen, He Xiangning, and Feng Yuxiang were selected as the central leadership of the organization.[7][8]

On 5 May 1948, leaders of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, including Li Jishen and He Xiangning, together with representatives of other democratic parties and non-party figures, jointly issued a public telegram expressing their support for the call of the Chinese Communist Party and their acceptance of its leadership.[9] This was met with a reply of welcome from Mao Zedong, Chairman of the CCP Central Committee.[10]

Subsequently, the leadership of the RCCK gradually moved north to the liberated areas of Northeast China,[11] and after February 1949 convened in Beiping, where they took part in the preparatory work for the new Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference.[12] In September 1949, representatives of the RCCK attended the First plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, participating in the drafting of the Common Program and in the founding of the People’s Republic of China.[4]

People's Republic of China

[edit]
The third session of the 2nd Central Committee of the RCCK in 1953.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China in October 1949, members of the Chinese Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee maintained positions in the municipal and central governments.[13] In November 1949, the second congress of the Chinese Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee was held in Beijing. At the second congress, the Chinese Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee, Chinese Nationalist Democratic Promotion Association, the Comrades of the Three Peoples Principles, and other members of the Kuomintang's left wing agreed to merge and form the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang.[14] The meeting also elected the Second Central Committee, with Li Jishen elected as chairman.[15]

From February 21 to 29, 1956, the Third National Congress of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang was held in Beijing. The congress elected the Third Central Committee. On March 5, the First Plenary Session of the Third Central Committee took place, during which Li Jishen was re-elected as chairman.[16] From November 12 to December 2, 1958, the Fourth National Congress of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang was held in Beijing.[17] The congress elected the Fourth Central Committee. On December 4, the First Plenary Session of the Fourth Central Committee was held, and Li Jishen was once again elected chairman.[18]

From October 11 to 22, 1979, the Fifth National Congress of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang was held in Beijing. The congress elected the Fifth Central Committee. On October 23, the First Plenary Session of the Fifth Central Committee took place, and Zhu Yunshan was elected chairman.[19] From December 21 to 30, 1983, the Sixth National Congress of the RCCK was held in Beijing. The congress elected the Sixth Central Committee. On December 28, the First Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee was held, and Wang Kunlun was elected chairman.[20] From November 12 to 20, 1988, the Seventh National Congress of the RCCK was held in Beijing. The congress elected the Seventh Central Committee. On November 19, the First Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee took place, and Zhu Xuefan was elected chairman.[21]

From December 14 to 22, 1992, the Eighth National Congress of the RCCK was held in Beijing. The congress elected the Eighth Central Committee. On December 22, the First Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee was held, and Li Peiyao was elected chairman.[22] From November 24 to 30, 1997, the RCCK held its 50th Anniversary Commemorative Congress and the Ninth National Congress in Beijing. The congress elected the Ninth Central Committee. On November 29, the First Plenary Session of the Ninth Central Committee was held, and He Luli was elected chairman.[23]

From December 3 to 9, 2002, the Tenth National Congress of the RCCK was held in Beijing. The congress elected the Tenth Central Committee. On December 8, the First Plenary Session of the Tenth Central Committee took place, and He Luli was re-elected chairman. From December 9 to 15, 2007, the Eleventh National Congress of the RCCK, coinciding with its 60th Anniversary Commemorative Congress, was held in Beijing. The congress elected the Eleventh Central Committee. On December 14, the First Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee was held, and Zhou Tienong was elected chairman.[24][25]

From December 12 to 18, 2012, the Twelfth National Congress of the RCCK was held in Beijing. The congress elected the Twelfth Central Committee. On December 17, the First Plenary Session of the Twelfth Central Committee took place, and Wan Exiang was elected chairman. From December 20 to 24, 2017, the Thirteenth National Congress of the RCCK was held in Beijing. The congress elected the Thirteenth Central Committee. On December 23, the First Plenary Session of the Thirteenth Central Committee was held, and Wan Exiang was re-elected chairman.[26][27]

Today, the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang focuses on improving relations with the Kuomintang on Taiwan, and its membership mainly consists of the descendants of Kuomintang revolutionaries.[7][28] It recruits members with current ties to Taiwan who support Chinese unification.[29]

Organization

[edit]
The headquarters of the Central Committee of the RCCK

The RCCK is one of the eight minor so-called "democratic parties" under the leadership of the CCP.[30] The highest body of the RCCK officially is the National Congress, which is held every five years. The 14th National Congress, held in December 2022, was the most recently held party congress.[31] The National Congress elects the Central Committee of the RCCK.[32]

According to its constitution, the RCCK is officially committed to socialism with Chinese characteristics, Chinese unification and upholding the leadership of the CCP.[32][33] Among the official political parties of the PRC, the RCCK is officially ranked second after the CCP, being the first-ranking minor party.[34]

Central Committee

[edit]

The Central Committee of the RCCK is the highest body of the RCCK between National Congresses. It has six working departments:[35]

  • General Office
  • Organization Department
  • Propaganda Department
  • Liaison Department
  • Social Services Department
  • Research Department.

The Central Committee additionally owns the newspapers Unity Daily (团结报; Tuánjié Bào) and Unity (团结; Tuánjié).[36] The Central Committee is headed by a chairperson, who is assisted by several vice chairpersons. The current leaders of the RCCK are:[37]

RCCK Central Committee Chairman

[edit]

RCCK Central Committee Vice Chairpersons

[edit]

Membership

[edit]

According to the State Council Information Office, the RCCK consists "mainly of people who have links with the KMT, have historical and social connections with the committee, or have relationships with Taiwan compatriots, along with specialists in social and legal affairs, and in business relating to agriculture, rural areas, and rural people".[38] In December 2022, the party had around 158,000 members.[39]

Historical leaders

[edit]

Chairpersons of the Central Committee

[edit]
No. Chairperson Took office Left office Ref.
1 Li Jishen
李济深 		January 1948 October 1959 [7]
2 He Xiangning
何香凝 		August 1960 1 September 1972 [7]
3 Zhu Yunshan
朱蕴山 		October 1979 30 April 1981 [19]
4 Wang Kunlun
王昆仑 		9 September 1981 23 August 1985 [20]
5 Qu Wu
屈武 		September 1985 December 1987 [40]
6 Zhu Xuefan
朱学范 		December 1987 December 1992 [21]
7 Li Peiyao
李沛瑶 		December 1992 2 February 1996 [22]
8 He Luli
何鲁丽 		11 November 1996 15 December 2007 [23]
9 Zhou Tienong
周铁农 		15 December 2007 18 December 2012 [24]
10 Wan Exiang
万鄂湘 		18 December 2012 18 March 2018 [27]
11 Zheng Jianbang
郑建邦 		10 December 2022 Incumbent [41]

Honorary Chairpersons of the Central Committee

[edit]
  1. Song Qingling (宋庆龄), 1948–1949
  2. Qu Wu (屈武), 1988–1992
  3. Zhu Xuefan (朱学范), 1992–1996
  4. Hou Jingru (侯镜如), 1992–1994
  5. Sun Yueqi (孙越崎), 1992–1995

Chairpersons of provincial committees

[edit]

Electoral history

[edit]

National People's Congress elections

[edit]
Election year Number of seats
2002–03
47 / 2,984
2007–08
46 / 2,987
2012–13
34 / 2,987
2017–18
43 / 2,970
2022–23
41 / 2,977

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ 中国国民党革命委员会60年 (in Chinese). 团结出版社. 2007. p. 5. ISBN 978-7-80214-365-4. Retrieved 21 January 2026.
  2. ^ 中国国民党革命委员会卷 (in Chinese). 河北人民出版社. 2001. p. 142. ISBN 978-7-202-02486-7. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  3. ^ 章绍嗣 (1 August 1994). 中国现代社团辞典. 湖北: 湖北人民出版社.
  4. ^ a b "Zhōngguó guómíndǎng gémìng wěiyuánhuì" 中国国民党革命委员会 [The Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang]. SCUT. South China University of Technology. Archived from the original on 12 December 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
  5. ^ Andreyev, S. P. (7 July 1949). Democratic parties and groups in the Preparatory Committee to convene a Political Consultative Conference (Report). Translated by Goldberg, Gary. Cold War International History Project. Retrieved 18 March 2021 – via Wilson Center.
  6. ^ "Song Qingling". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  7. ^ a b c d "Zhōngguó guómíndǎng gémìng wěiyuánhuì jiǎnjiè" 中国国民党革命委员会简介 [Introduction to the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang]. Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (in Chinese). 9 April 2018. Archived from the original on 12 November 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
  8. ^ 中国国民党革命委员会60年 (in Chinese). 团结出版社. 2007. p. 30. ISBN 978-7-80214-365-4. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  9. ^ 王德夫 (1994). 中国国民党革命委员会历史研究: 民主革命时期 (in Chinese). 中国人民大学出版社. p. 117. ISBN 978-7-300-01856-0. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  10. ^ 中国近代革命史 (in Chinese). 北京工业学院出版社. 1987. p. 415. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  11. ^ 张军民 (1989). 中国民主党派史 (in Chinese). 華夏出版社. p. 689. ISBN 978-7-80053-701-1. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  12. ^ 中国国民党革命委员会60年 (in Chinese). 团结出版社. 2007. p. 5. ISBN 978-7-80214-365-4. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  13. ^ 国家公务员知识大百科 (in Chinese). 警官敎育出版社. 1996. p. 297. ISBN 978-7-81027-481-4. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  14. ^ 姜建; 王庆华 (2004). 李济深与中国国民党革命委员会 (in Chinese). 广东人民出版社. p. 193. ISBN 978-7-218-04430-9. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  15. ^ 孙维本 (1992). 中华人民共和国政务大辞典 (in Chinese). 黑龙江科学技术出版社. p. 307. ISBN 978-7-207-02309-4. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  16. ^ 中国国民党革命委员会卷 (in Chinese). 河北人民出版社. 2001. p. 179. ISBN 978-7-202-02486-7. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  17. ^ 中國國民党革命委員会的历史道路 (in Chinese). 湖南人民出版社. 1987. p. 38. ISBN 978-7-217-00221-8. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  18. ^ 中囯民主党派词典 (in Chinese). 中国政法大学出版社. 1989. p. 78. ISBN 978-7-5620-0245-1. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  19. ^ a b 罗广武 (1998). 民主党派大事年表, 1949-1998 (in Chinese). 华文出版社. p. 115. ISBN 978-7-5075-0768-3. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  20. ^ a b 秦国生; 胡治安 (1990). 中国民主党派历史, 政纲, 人物 (in Chinese). 山东人民出版社. p. 35. ISBN 978-7-209-00722-1. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  21. ^ a b 共和国成就大辞典 (in Chinese). 红旗出版社. 1993. p. 43. ISBN 978-7-80068-640-5. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  22. ^ a b 中国民主党派工作辞典 (in Chinese). 黑龙江教育出版社. 1994. p. 653. ISBN 978-7-5316-2483-7. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  23. ^ a b 中國人民政協全書 (in Chinese). 中国文史出版社. 1999. p. 995. ISBN 978-7-5034-1055-0. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  24. ^ a b 魏_文 (1 January 2009). 当代中国参政党建设研究 (in Chinese). 飛翔時代. p. 1. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  25. ^ 中华人民共和国年鉴 (in Chinese). 中国年鉴社. 2013. p. 158. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  26. ^ "万鄂湘连任民革中央主席". china.caixin.com (in Chinese). 24 December 2017. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  27. ^ a b "中国国民党革命委员会第十三次全国代表大会闭幕 万鄂湘当选主席". 中国新闻网 (in Chinese). 1 January 1970. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  28. ^ Yan, Yan; Qin, Hua, eds. (16 September 2019). "Zhōngguó Guómíndǎng Gémìng Wěiyuánhuì Zhōngyāng Wěiyuánhuì zhǔxí Wàn Èxiāng jìyǔ Xīn Zhōngguó chénglì 70 zhōunián" 中国国民党革命委员会中央委员会主席万鄂湘 寄语新中国成立70周年 [Wan Exiang, Chairman of the Central Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, sent a message to the 70th anniversary of the founding of New China]. People's Daily. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019.
  29. ^ "The Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (RCCK) - China Yearbook 2004". State Council of the People's Republic of China. Archived from the original on 18 March 2021. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  30. ^ Lawrence, Susan V.; Martin, Michael F. (20 March 2013). "Understanding China's Political System" (PDF). Federation of American Scientists. Congressional Research Service. p. 33. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 March 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  31. ^ "Chinese KMT Revolutionary Committee convenes 14th national congress". State Council Information Office. Retrieved 1 January 2023.
  32. ^ a b "中国国民党革命委员会章程（2022年12月9日）" [Charter of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (December 9, 2022)]. Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (in Chinese). 23 December 2017. Retrieved 13 December 2025.
  33. ^ 民革第十三次全国代表大会暨民革成立70周年纪念大会在京开幕 王沪宁代表中共中央致贺词-人民资讯-人民网 [13th National Congress of the RCCK and the Commemorative Meeting of the 70th Anniversary of RCCK Open in Beijing; Wang Huning Delivers a Congratulatory Speech on Behalf of the CPC Central Committee]. Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (in Chinese). 20 December 2017. Archived from the original on 13 July 2019. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
  34. ^ "我国八个民主党派排序考" [Ranking of China's eight democratic parties]. Lishui Municipal Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (in Chinese). 9 December 2012. Archived from the original on 4 March 2014. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
  35. ^ "民革中央机构" [Central Organization of the RCCK]. Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (in Chinese). 8 August 2008. Retrieved 22 January 2023.
  36. ^ "Unity Daily" 团结报数字报 (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 11 January 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
  37. ^ a b c "中国国民党革命委员会第十四届中央委员会主席、副主席、常务委员名单--人民资讯--中国国民党革命委员会中央委员会". 中国国民党革命委员会中央委员会 (in Chinese). 11 December 2022. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  38. ^ "Full Text: China's Political Party System: Cooperation and Consultation". State Council Information Office. 25 June 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2024.
  39. ^ "Zheng Jianbang elected chairman of Chinese KMT Revolutionary Committee". Xinhua News Agency. 11 December 2022. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
  40. ^ 统一战线人物志 (in Chinese). 华文出版社. 2007. p. 492. ISBN 978-7-5075-1930-3. Retrieved 12 January 2026.
  41. ^ "Introduction to the Central Leadership of the national Revolutionary Committee (including current and previous leaders)" 民革中央领导简介（包括现任领导、历届领导）. Minge.gov.cn (in Chinese). 24 December 2017. Archived from the original on 22 December 2017. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
  42. ^ United States. Joint Publications Research Service (1985). China report: political, sociological and military affairs, Issues 19-24. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. p. 103. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
  43. ^ 《中国人名大辞典》编辑部 (1994). Who's who in China current leaders. Foreign Languages Press. p. 185. ISBN 7-119-00725-4. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
[edit]
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