| Poeae | |
|---|---|
| Silver hairgrass (Aira caryophyllea) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Clade: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Poaceae |
| Clade: | BOP clade |
| Subfamily: | Pooideae |
| Supertribe: | Poodae L.Liu |
| Tribe: | Poeae R.Br. (1814) |
| Genera | |
|
121 genera, see text | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
The Poeae are the largest tribe of the grasses, with around 2,500 species in 121 genera.[1] The tribe includes many lawn and pasture grasses.
Taxonomy
[edit]Two separate tribes, Poeae and Aveneae, used to be distinguished based on morphology, but phylogenetic analysis showed that they are intermingled. Poeae now includes the former Aveneae. Phylogenetic analyses identified two lineages based on chloroplast genomes. The genera are classified in 25 subtribes.[1]
Reticulate evolution occurred repeatedly in the tribe.[1]
Chloroplast group 1
[edit]- Anthoxanthum (syn. Ataxia and Hierochloe R.Br.)
- Acrospelion Besser
- Arrhenatherum P.Beauv. (syn. Pseudarrhenatherum Rouy)
- Avellinia Parl.
- Avena L.
- Cinnagrostis Griseb.
- Gaudinia P.Beauv.
- Graphephorum Desv.
- Helictochloa Romero Zarco
- Helictotrichon Besser (syn. Neoholubia Tzvelev)
- Koeleria Pers. (syn. Leptophyllochloa Calderón ex Nicora)
- Lagurus L.
- Parafestuca E.B.Alexeev
- Peyritschia E.Fourn.
- Rostraria Trin.
- Sphenopholis Scribn.
- Tricholemma (Röser) Röser
- Trisetaria Forssk. (syn. Trichaeta P.Beauv.)
- Trisetopsis Röser & A.Wölk
- Trisetum Pers.
- Tzveleviochloa Röser & A.Wölk
- Phalaris (syn. Baldingera, Phalaroides, and Typhoides)
- Amphibromus Nees
- Torreyochloa Church
Supersubtribe Agrostidodinae
Agrostidinae- Agrostis L. (syns. Bromidium Nees & Meyen., Chaetopogon, Neoschischkinia, and Notonema)
- Calamagrostis Adans. (syn. Ammophila Host, Deyeuxia Clarion ex P.Beauv. Stylagrostis Mez)
- Gastridium P.Beauv.
- Hypseochloa C.E.Hubb.
- Lachnagrostis Trin.
- Limnodea L.H.Dewey
- Podagrostis (Griseb.) Scribn. & Merr.
- Polypogon Desf. (syn. Chaetotropis Kunth)
- Triplachne Link
- Boldrinia L.N.Silva
- Calotheca Desv.
- Chascolytrum Desv.
- Condilorachia P.M.Peterson, Romasch. & Soreng[3]
- Erianthecium Parodi
- Lombardochloa Roseng. & B.R.Arrill.
- Microbriza Parodi ex Nicora & Rúgolo
- Poidium Nees
- Rhombolytrum Link
- Rosengurttia L.N.Silva
- Ancistragrostis S.T.Blake
- Echinopogon P.Beauv.
- Pentapogon R.Br. (syn. Dichelachne Endl.)
- Relchela Steud.
- Laegaardia P.M.Peterson, Soreng, Romasch. & Barberá
- Paramochloa P.M.Peterson, Soreng, Romasch. & Barberá
Chloroplast group 2
[edit]- Aira L.
- Antinoria Parl.
- Avenella Bluff ex Drejer
- Corynephorus P.Beauv.
- Helictochloa Romero Zarco
- Molineriella Rouy
- Periballia Trin.
- Deschampsia P.Beauv. (syn. Aristavena F.Albers & Butzin, Scribneria Hack.)
- Dryopoa Vickery
- Scolochloa Link
- Echinaria Desf.
- Mibora Adans.
- Oreochloa Link
- Psilathera Link
- Sesleria Scop.
- Sesleriella Deyl
Supersubtribe Loliodinae
Ammochloinae- Ammochloa Boiss.
- Ciliochloa Röser, Tkach & Rasti
- Cynosurus L.
- Falona Adans.
- Castellia Tineo
- Festuca Tourn. ex L. (syn. Ctenopsis, Dielsiochloa, Drymochloa Holub, Helleria, Hellerochloa, Leucopoa Griseb., Loliolum, Micropyrum, Narduroides, Podophorus Phil., Psilurus, Vulpia C.C.Gmel.)
- Lolium L. (syn. Micropyropsis, Schedonorus)
- Megalachne Steud.
- Patzkea G.H.Loos
- Pseudobromus K.Schum.
- Wangenheimia Moench
- Agropyropsis (Batt. & Trab.) A.Camus
- Catapodium Link
- Cutandia Willk.
- Desmazeria Dumort.
- Parapholis C.E.Hubb. (synonym Hainardia Greuter)
- Sphenopus Trin.
- Vulpiella (Batt. & Trab.) Burollet
PPAM Clade (including Poodinae)
Coleanthinae- Catabrosa P.Beauv.
- Catabrosella (Tzvelev) Tzvelev
- Coleanthus Seidel ex Roem. & Schult.
- Colpodium Trin. (syn. Keniochloa Melderis, Zingeria P.A.Smirn.)
- Hyalopoa (Tzvelev) Tzvelev
- Paracolpodium (Tzvelev) Tzvelev
- Phippsia (Trin.) R.Br.
- Puccinellia Parl. (syn. Pseudosclerochloa Tzvelev)
- Sclerochloa (Tzvelev
- Avenula (Dumort.) Dumort. (syn. Homalotrichon Banfi, Galasso & Bracchi)
Supersubtribe Poodinae
Alopecurinae- Alopecurus L. (syn. Cornucopiae L.)
- Limnas Trin.
- Beckmannia Host
- Pholiurus Trin.
- Pseudophleum Dogan
- Rhizocephalus Boiss.
- Agrostopoa Davidse, Soreng & P.M.Peterson
- Aniselytron Merr.
- Cinna L.
- Cyathopus Stapf
- Simplicia Kirk
- Milium L.
- Phleum L. (syn. Maillea Parl.)
- Poa L. (syn. Anthochloa, Aphanelytrum, Austrofestuca, Dissanthelium Trin., Eremopoa, Libyella, Lindbergella, Neuropoa, Ochlopoa, Parodiochloa, Raimundochloa, Tovarochloa, Tzvelevia)
- Apera Adans.
- Bellardiochloa Chiov.
- Nephelochloa Boiss.
- Parvotrisetum Chrtek
- Ventenata (syn. Pilgerochloa Eig, Gaudinopsis (Boiss.) Eig)
- Arctagrostis Griseb.
- Dupontia R.Br. (syn. Arctophila (Rupr.) Andersson)
- Dupontiopsis Soreng, L.J.Gillespie & Koba
- Hookerochloa E.B.Alexeev (syn. Festucella E.B.Alexeev)
- Nicoraepoa Soreng & L.J.Gillespie
- Oreopoa H.Scholz & Parolly
- Saxipoa Soreng, L.J.Gillespie & S.W.L.Jacobs
- Sylvipoa Soreng, L.J.Gillespie & S.W.L.Jacobs
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Soreng, Robert J.; Peterson, Paul M.; Romaschenko, Konstantin; Davidse, Gerrit; Teisher, Jordan K.; Clark, Lynn G.; Barberá, Patricia; Gillespie, Lynn J.; Zuloaga, Fernando O. (2017). "A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 55 (4): 259–290. doi:10.1111/jse.12262. hdl:10261/240149. ISSN 1674-4918.
- ^ a b da Silva, L.N., Saarela, J.M., Essi, L. and de Souza-Chies, T.T. (2022), A comprehensive species sampling sheds light on the molecular phylogenetics of Calothecinae (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae): Evidence for a new subtribe and multiple genera within the Chascolytrum clade. J. Syst. Evol., 60: 691-712. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12750
- ^ Peterson, P.M., Soreng, R.J., Romaschenko, K., Barberá, P., Quintanar, A., Aedo, C. and Saarela, J.M. (2022), Phylogeny and biogeography of Calamagrostis (Poaceae: Pooideae: Poeae: Agrostidinae), description of a new genus, Condilorachia (Calothecinae), and expansion of Greeneochloa and Pentapogon (Echinopogoninae). J. Syst. Evol., 60: 570-590. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12819
- ^ Natalia Tkach, Sirus Leonard Rasti, Martin Röser. Disentangling conflicting molecular phylogenetic signals in nuclear and plastid DNA of the western Eurasian-Mediterranean grass genus Cynosurus and its relatives (Poaceae subtribes Cynosurinae and Parapholiinae), Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Volume 201, 2024, 108204, ISSN 1055-7903, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108204.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Poeae at Wikimedia Commons