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Coat of arms of the county of Boulogne
Count of Boulogne was a historical title in the Kingdom of France. The city of Boulogne-sur-Mer became the centre of the County of Boulogne during the ninth century. Little is known of the early counts, but the first holder of the title is recorded in the 11th century.
Eustace II of Boulogne accompanied William I of England (the Conqueror) during the Norman Conquest in 1066 and fought on his side at the Battle of Hastings. His son, Eustace III, was a major participant in the First Crusade with his younger brothers: Geoffrey and Baldwin (who later became King of Jerusalem). After Baldwin's death the throne was offered to Eustace, who was reluctant and declined; the throne was then offered to Geoffrey. Afonso (also King of Portugal) from Dammartin became Count of Boulogne from 1235 to 1253.
Count Renaud of Boulogne obtained the title by abducting and marrying Countess Ida in 1190 and later gained title to Dammartin and Aumale. An early friend of King Philip II Augustus, he turned against the king by joining the forces of the Holy Roman Empire at the Battle of Bouvines in 1214 where he was defeated, captured, imprisoned and subsequently committed suicide.
Boulogne passed under Capetian control in 1223 when Philip II's son Philip Hurepel became count jure uxoris upon his marriage to Matilda II. Hurepel revolted against Blanche of Castile when Louis VIII of France died in 1226. When Philip Hurepel died in 1235, Matilda continued to reign until 1238 when she was married to Alphonse, second son of King Alfonso II of Portugal, and younger brother of King Sancho II of Portugal. Having succeeded his brother as Afonso III of Portugal in 1248, he renounced his title of Count of Boulogne and divorced Matilda in 1253 due to her barrenness in favour of Beatrice of Castile. After Matilda's death, the county was granted to Adelaide of Brabant, wife of William III of Auvergne.
Boulogne was attacked and besieged a number of times during the Hundred Years' War and repeatedly passed between English and French rule. In 1477, the county was directly incorporated into the French crown lands and Bertrand VI of La Tour was granted the County of Lauragais by King Louis XI instead.[1][2][3] The county remained part of the royal domain from then on, except for a brief period where its main city Boulogne-sur-Mer was controlled by the English under Henry VIII.
List of counts
[edit]Uncertain
[edit]- ?–921? : Erkenger
Coat of arms of Flanders after about 1200
- 896–918: Baldwin I (also count of Flanders)
- 918–933: Adelolf (son)
- 933–964: Arnulf I (brother; also count of Flanders)
- 964–971: Arnulf II (nephew; son of Adelolf)
- 971–990: Arnulf III (son)
- 990–1025: Baldwin II (son)
- 1025–1049: Eustace I (son)
- 1049–1087: Eustace II (son)
- 1087–1125: Eustace III (son)
- 1125–1151: Matilda I (daughter)
Coat of arms of Blois after about 1200
- 1125–1151: Stephen (husband; also Count of Mortain, Duke of Normandy and King of England)
- 1151–1153: Eustace IV (son; also Count of Mortain)
- 1153–1159: William I (brother; also Count of Mortain and Earl of Surrey)
- 1159–1170: Mary I (sister; married Matthew of Alsace)
House of Alsace coat of arms
- 1170–1173: Matthew
- 1173–1216: Ida (daughter)
- 1181–1182: Gerard (first husband)
- 1183–1186: Berthold (second husband)
- 1191–1216: Renaud of Dammartin (third husband)
.svg)
Dammartin coat of arms
- 1216–1259: Matilda II (also Queen of Portugal and the Algarve, Countess of Mortain, Countess of Aumale and Countess of Dammartin)
Auvergne coat of arms
- 1262–1265: Adelaide (cousin; married William III, Count of Auvergne)
- 1265–1277: Robert I (son; also Count of Auvergne)
- 1277–1277: William II (son; also Count of Auvergne)
- 1277–1314: Robert II (brother; also Count of Auvergne)
- 1314–1325: Robert III (son; also Count of Auvergne)
- 1325–1332: William III (son; also Count of Auvergne)
- 1332–1360: Joanna I (daughter; also Countess of Auvergne); married:
- 1338–1346: Philip of Burgundy
- 1350–1360: John II of France
.svg)
Burgundy coat of arms
- 1360–1361: Philip III (son; also Duke of Burgundy, Count of Auvergne, Count of Artois and Count of Franche-Comté)
- 1361–1386: John II (half-granduncle; also Count of Auvergne)
- 1386–1404: John III (son; also Count of Auvergne)
- 1404–1424: Joanna II (daughter; also Countess of Auvergne); married:
- 1424–1437: Mary II (cousin; also Countess of Auvergne)
La Tour d'Auvergne coat of arms
- 1437–1461: Bertrand I (son; also Count of Auvergne)
- 1461–1477: Bertrand II (son; also Count of Auvergne)
In 1477, Bertrand II dealt with Louis XI, exchanging the county of Boulogne with the county of Lauragais. Boulogne, so became part of the royal domain.[4][5][6]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Joseph Vaesen e Étienne Charavay, Lettere di Luigi XI , vol. 6, Parigi, Biblioteca Renouard,1898, P. 159-160".
- ^ Fortanier, Jean Ramière de (January 1932). Les droits seigneuriaux dans la sénéchaussée et comté de Lauragais (1553-1789) : étude juridique et historique. FeniXX. ISBN 978-2-307-61430-2.
}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) - ^ "Histoire généalogique de la maison d'Auvergne, Livre troisième, page 91 et seq".
- ^ "Joseph Vaesen e Étienne Charavay, Lettere di Luigi XI, vol. 6, Parigi, Biblioteca Renouard,1898, P. 159-160". Paris, Librairie Renouard, H. Loones, successeur. 1883.
- ^ Fortanier, Jean Ramière de (January 1932). Les droits seigneuriaux dans la sénéchaussée et comté de Lauragais (1553-1789) : étude juridique et historique. FeniXX. ISBN 978-2-307-61430-2.
}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) - ^ Histoire généalogique de la maison d'Auvergne, Livre troisième, page 91 et seq. 1645.